<p>The Level Club is a residential building on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, located at 253 West 73rd Street. It was built as a men&#39;s club by a group of Freemasons in 1927; it served this original function for just about three years. Afterwards, the building was used, in turn, as a hotel and a drug re-hab center. It has now been remodeled as a condominium.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was erected in 1927.</p><br>
<p>The bank foreclosed on the clubs mortgage in 1931. It became a hotel for men that rented rooms by the week in the 1930s, and a kosher hotel in the 1940s and 1950s, and a single-room-occupancy hotel in the 1960s. From 1936, it was known as The Hotel Riverside Plaza. At the height of the urban decay of the 1970s it was purchased by the nonprofit drug and alcohol rehabilitation organization Phoenix House. It was turned into an upscale condominium in 1984. The New York Daily News describes it as the citys "most mystical and intriguing condominium."</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Neo-Romanesque building was designed by the New York architectural firm Clinton Russell Wells George and Holton.</p><br>
<p>The facade was designed as an homage to Freemasonry, particularly by incorporating aspects of biblical descriptions of the Temple of Solomon, a significant building in Masonic tradition. The facade also features many carvings of symbols adopted by the Masons, such as the all-seeing eye, the hourglass, the level, the hexagram, the beehive and the Bible. The door is framed by two large pillars representing Boaz and Jachin, the pillars that stood at the entrance to King Solomons Temple. According to Bruno Bertuccioli, author of The Level Club: A New York City Story of the Twenties: Splendor, Decadence and Resurgence of a Monument to Human Ambition, the building was built as a Replica of the Jewish Temple. Bertuccioli describes the building as "the only true-to-size rendering of King Solomons Temple that exists in the world today."</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s original grand lobby, featuring a two-story atrium with balcony and grand staircases is intact. The building originally included "a swimming pool, bowling alley, 4,000-seat auditorium, dining halls, gymnasium, racquetball courts, a club floor, billiards room and rooftop gardens." It did not include lodge meeting rooms. While none of these survive, the facade is "perfectly preserved." The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Books</h2><br>
<p>The Level Club: A New York City Story of the Twenties: Splendor, Decadence and Resurgence of a Monument to Human Ambition, by Bruno Bertuccioli and Andrea Bassan, 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Captain Enoch Lord House, also known as Red House, is a historic house at 17 Tantummaheag Road in Old Lyme, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>The house is significant both for the properties long historic association with the colonial Lord family, who were influential participants in the founding of both the Connecticut Colony and the New Haven Colony, and for its transformation in the late 19th century into a summer estate. The original house, built c. 1748 by Enoch Lord, is a gambrel-roofed 1-1/2 story wood frame structure. Originally located near Lord&#39;s Cove, it was moved to its present location in the 1860s by William M. Lord, and was transformed into a Colonial Revival summer house after its purchase in 1898 by Catherine and James Brown.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Seaside is a historic medical facility at 36 Shore Road in Waterford, Connecticut. It is nationally significant as the first institution designed for heliotropic treatment of children suffering from tuberculosis. Its buildings "comprise an exceptional collection of fully realized and generally well-preserved Tudor Revival-style institutional architecture", which were designed by Cass Gilbert. and The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Originally built to treat kids with tuberculosis but used as an elderly home, medical hospital, and a facility to treat the mentally disabled. In the 1930s it opened for children with tuberculosis. Then in 1958, it was used as an elderly home for 3 years, it was then used to treat the mentally challenged until 1996. During the period in which they treated tuberculosis, it was called Seaside Sanatorium. When it housed the elderly it was called Seaside Geriatric Hospital. Then when reopened again it was called Seaside Regional Center for the Mentally Retarded.</p><br>
<p>The Waterford property where the Seaside Sanatorium would stand was commissioned in 1930 by The State Tuberculosis Commission. The 28-acre property was purchased from the heirs of the Smith-Grimes estate. More land was purchased in 1936, where its boundaries currently stand, totaling 36 acres. The cost was $125,000. The Seaside is actually the second “The Seaside” to stand for the heliotropic treatment of tuberculosis in children. The first site was at the White Beach Hotel at Crescent Beach in neighboring Niantic, Ct. The original sanatorium was up and running and receiving its first patients by January 1920. Being the first and only treatment center for tuberculosis in the country, the 45 beds quickly filled and the waiting list began to grow. The State Tuberculosis Commission knew they had to expand, but were unable to do so because of the McCook family, who owned the neighboring property, refused to sell. The state went as far as the Supreme Court to try to seize the land through eminent domain. The McCook’s won the lawsuit, however, and the state sought land elsewhere.</p><br>
<p>Its current property became available and the state purchased it. Famed architect Cass Gilbert was commissioned to design the buildings. The Waterford facility was ready and the Niantic patients transferred in 1934. The location of the center, the first of its kind in the nation, was chosen because of the fresh sea air and ample sunlight. At the time it was thought that fresh air and lots of sunshine could help cure tuberculosis. The children, all 14 and under would spend their days outside sunning as part of their heliotropic treatment. By the end of the 1940s, advancements in drug therapies were being made and the usefulness of sanatoriums declined.</p><br>
<p>Governor Dannel Malloy has made a final decision to rebuild the Seaside Sanatorium as a state park. Four years prior, Malloy signed a contract with the developer, Mark Steiner, for the property and hasnt heard anything about it until the Gov. canceled the contract. Mark Steiner had financial problems, those were the reason why he couldnt work on the contract of the property. Sen. Len Fasano, GOP legislative leader from North Haven, Connecticut blamed Malloy for disrespecting him by not letting him know about the decision he had made about the property. Malloy wants the community of Waterford, Connecticut to be informed about building the state park, he has directed relevant state agencies to conduct public hearings in Waterford as part of the park planning process, David Bednarz explained.</p><br>
<p>The Formiche di Grosseto  is a group of islets which emerge sharply in the Tuscan Archipelago. They are located in open sea among the coast of the Natural Park of Maremma and Pianosa, approximately 13 nmi from Porto Santo Stefano on Monte Argentario and 9.4 mi from Marina di Grosseto; they are part of the comune of Grosseto and are placed in a nature reserve which makes part of a special protection area.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Formiche di Grosseto are three islets named, according to their dimensions, Formichino, Formica Media and Formica Grande which develop a total surface of about 120,000 square metres which extend lined up from north-west to south-east over one mile. Formichino is the smallest and is formed by two skerries, is the southernmost and has an area of only 20 square metres. Formica Media is a long narrow strip of rock that continues under water situated on a shoal. Formica Grande is the largest, has a rhomboidal shape, it is 370 metres long and 230 metres wide, is the northernmost and home a lighthouse. The island has three old docking points on three different sides to permit the mooring depending of the wind and is equipped with a helipad utilized for the maintenance of the lighthouse.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>The Formiche di Grosseto is a place enjoyed by scuba divers for the richness of its waters. The seabed is prosperous in sponges, gorgoniidae, sabella spallanzanii and in fishes as grouper, sarago, conger, muraena, astice and lobster.</p><br>
<h2>Scoglio Formiche di Grosseto lighthouse</h2><br>
<p>The lighthouse and the keeper’s house were built in 1901 and restored in 1919 by Regia Marina. The lighthouse is fully automated, still active and operated by Marina Militare identified by the code number 2136 E.F. It is formed by a white building with the cylindrical tower, 12 metre high, built on the front side. It has a solar power unit, and the lantern emit a single white flash every 6 seconds visible up to 11 nautical miles.</p><br>
<p>The J.H.C. Petersens Sons Store also known as the Redstone Building, is a historic structure in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties and on the National Register of Historic Places. The former department store building was modeled on the Rookery Building in Chicago.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>J.H.C. Petersen was an immigrant from Schleswig in present-day Germany where he was educated until he was 16. After settling in Scott County, Iowa he worked in farming and at a match-factory. He and his three sons Max, Henry and William opened a dry goods store in 1872. By 1875 they were handling both wholesale and retail lines of merchandise from Chicago. Branch stores were opened in Clinton, Iowa and Geneseo, Illinois in the 1880s. The J.H.C. Petersens Sons Store was built in Downtown Davenport in 1892. The structure was designed by Frederick G. Clausen, a German immigrant who moved to Davenport. It followed the latest marketing principles of the day with specialized departments under one roof. The three sons took over the stores operations at this time. During this same time period several competitors established operations in the city. J.H.C. died in 1910 and Max and Henry died in 1915. The following year William sold the store to one of their competitors, Harned and Von Maur Co. In 1928 the J.H.C. Petersens Sons&#39; store was consolidated into the Petersen-Harned-Von Maur Store and it ceased independent operations. The Redstone Building, however, would continue to house the flagship store well into the 20th century, keeping the Petersen name until 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>In June 2004, the River Music Experience opened in the Redstone Building. The River Music Experience is a non-profit museum focused on music, including jazz and blues, inspired by the river. A couple of years after opening, the River Music Experience focused more on live performances on the second floor. Today the building also features Mojo&#39;s coffee shop, a restaurant, and office space.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Petersens Sons Store is a small-scale version of Burnham & Roots Rookery Building in Chicago. It is a local example of the late 19th century development of the department store. The structure is four stories in height, and built of stone on a brick foundation. It features round arched arcades around groups of vertical windows and the name plate decorated in terracotta on a slightly projecting entrance frontispiece. Diaperwork spandrels are located between the windows. The building culminates in elaborate parapets with oversized finials. At the roofline is a traditional brick cornice and the spandrels above the third floor arches are plain. The first floor storefronts were altered, but have since been restored.</p><br>
<p>Hotel Arthur, also commonly known as the Traction Terminal Building, is a historic, six-story building in Aurora, Illinois. It was originally designed as a hotel to service travelers on the Fox River. The Aurora, Elgin and Chicago Railroad relocated their headquarters here in 1915, and the building became the final station on the Aurora branch.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Renaissance Revival building was constructed in 1905 and initially functioned as a hotel. John Knell, Sr., a beer wholesaler who immigrated from Germany, commissioned the building in 1904. Upon completion, Hotel Arthur was the tallest building in Aurora, surpassed in 1917 by Hotel Aurora. It was the only hotel on the east side of the Fox River. The hotel was designed by Eugene Malmer and named after Arthur Knell, the brother of the owner.</p><br>
<p>In 1915, the Aurora, Elgin and Chicago Railroad leased the building serve as their headquarters. Renamed the Traction Terminal Building, the first floor was converted into a waiting station and diner. Other professional entities, such as health care practices and insurance offices, also moved into the building on upper levels. Later that year, the building passed to John Knell, Jr. Like his father, Knell was a successful businessman and was president of the All-Steel Equipment Company for forty years. The twenty-year lease to the railroad ended in 1935, but the Traction Terminal name stuck with the building. It continued to house small businesses on the ground floor and practices on upper floors. Storefront windows were installed in 1937.</p><br>
<p>The building prospered through the 1950s, until new highways diminished the demand for rail traffic. With decreased usage of the Aurora train system, the downtown area fell into disrepair. The upper floors were abandoned in the 1960s and the last business moved out of the ground floor in 2003. The building is currently being converted into a condominium complex. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 2005.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The exterior is pressed red brick with Indiana Limestone courses above and below the second floor and above the fifth floor. Windows on the other floors have limestone sills. The southern (Galena Blvd.) elevation has ten windows per floor while the eastern (Broadway Ave.) elevation has four windows per floor. The east side originally had eight windows, but the 1906 and 1912 additions to the west side of the structure provided an additional two. Most floors have wood-framed double hung windows, while the sixth floor has arched windows. A decorative cornice adorns the top of the building with a dentil course. The cornice is mostly limestone, except for the area above the additions which is metal. A metal fire escape runs along two of the windows on the Galena Blvd. facade. The first floor was originally rusticated limestone before it was replaced with glass storefronts in 1937. The northern facade is blocked by an adjacent building on the first three floors. The remaining floors are undetailed brick, but do have double-hung windows matching the southern facade. There is also a faded paint advertisement on this side. Similarly, the western facade is blocked on the first two floors with windows and a faded painted sign. The ground floor was remodeled in 1966 to become a restaurant. The upper floors, which have hardwood floors, are accessed through a door on Broadway.</p><br>
<p>The Marshall County Courthouse is located in Marshalltown, Iowa. The current building was completed in 1886 to replace an earlier building. The courthouse is a dominant landmark in downtown Marshalltown. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. In 2002 it was listed as a contributing property in the Marshalltown Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1881 citizens of Marshall County voted for a $100,000 courthouse to be built on the public square in Marshalltown deeded by Henry Anson. The former courthouse was a two story brick building located at 10-12 South 1st Avenue. David Wood Townsend contracted and oversaw the building of the new courthouse. The cornerstone of the new building was laid in 1884 and the new courthouse was dedicated in 1886.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by John C. Cochrane, whose firm had designed the State Capitol Building in Des Moines. The courthouse was constructed using native limestone over brick. On November 21, 1972 the building had been placed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>In 1973 the State Fire Marshall ordered the building repaired or removed. The Courthouse had been well maintained until the market crash of 1929. During the Great Depression and war years, taxpayers could not afford to pay for needed repairs, so the building began to deteriorate. The Friends of the Courthouse Committee, a newly formed organization, decided to save the building. A referendum was held and it was decided to restore the courthouse. In 1974 voters approved a $3.2 million bond issue to pay for the renovation. The renovated Courthouse was rededicated on November 19, 1978.</p><br>
<p>Deep Notch, sometimes West Kill Notch, or Echo Notch, is a mountain pass in Lexington, New York, United States. It divides two Catskill peaks, both subpeaks of high peaks of the range. The narrow groove between the steep, high slopes on either side is traversed by state highway NY 42 and the Shandaken Tunnel, part of the New York City water supply system. It has been called "striking" and "a marvel of grandeur and beauty".</p><br>
<p>The rocky slopes have required extra fencing at the base to prevent slides from blocking the road, the only paved road from northwestern Ulster County to neighboring towns in Greene County. Their steepness has also made them attractive to ice climbers, a recreational opportunity not widely available elsewhere in the Catskills.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>"Deep Notch" is sometimes used to refer to the entire section of Route 42 from Bushnellville at the county line to West Kill, where the road runs through the narrow valley of Bushnellville Creek between 3,520 ft Halcott Mountain on the west and 3,540 ft Mount Sherrill, both High Peaks of the range, to the east. The actual notch is the roughly 1.5 mi section north of the upper tributary of the creek to West Kill. On the west is an unnamed 3,408 ft peak known as Northeast Halcott or Sleeping Lion; to the west is a 3,280 ft false summit of Balsam Mountain, itself a subpeak of Sherrill.</p><br>
<p>The two generally level summits are separated by roughly one mile (1.6 km). Between them, the road crests at 1,900 ft in the notch. On the west, that leaves a slope that rises 1,400 ft to where it levels off below the summit of Northeast Halcott in 2,000 horizontal feet (610 m), complemented by a 1,300 ft rise over a similar distance on the east. The grades are 70 percent and 65 percent respectively.</p><br>
<p>Both slopes are property of the state of New York, managed by the Department of Environmental Conservation as part of the Catskill Park Forest Preserve. The western land is in the Halcott Mountain Wild Forest and the eastern property in the West Kill Wilderness Area. As part of the Forest Preserve they remain forever wild, in accordance with the state constitution. There is little development in the area save some houses along the road to the south.</p><br>
<p>South of the notch the land rises gently but steadily into it, gaining about 450 ft over two miles (3 km) from Bushnellville. To the north it descends more rapidly to the hamlet of West Kill. The highway drops 525 ft in a half-mile (1 km) to the junction with Greene County Route 6.</p><br>
<p>Route 42 is one of only three paved roads crossing gaps in a long chain of ranges that extends from Plattekill Mountain in the east to Utsayantha Mountain, near Stamford, in the west. It allows residents of the areas of Ulster and Delaware counties to the south and southwest (such as Pine Hill, Fleischmanns and Margaretville, to get to places like Prattsville and Windham to the north without having to go a long distance out of their way. In addition, it is the most common route to the rest of Greene County for residents of the Town of Halcott to the west, isolated from the rest of the county by mountains along its eastern and northern border.</p><br>
<p>All of Deep Notch is within the Hudson River watershed. Bushnellville Creek drains into Esopus Creek to the south, and the north side feeds the West Kill, a Schoharie Creek tributary. The Schoharie&#39;s waters ultimately reach the Hudson via a circuitous route ending with the Mohawk River.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Catskills as a whole were formed during the Devonian period, 250–350 million years ago, when the former delta of a river that drained the Taconic and Acadian mountain ranges to the northeast lifted up as one. Erosion dissected the resulting plateau into mountains. The sandstones and shales left from the river deposits make up the notch&#39;s rock outcrops and deposits.</p><br>
<p>Like Stony Clove Notch to the east, Deep Notch was formed more recently, at the end of the last Ice Age. Waters from the glacial lake of meltwater that covered the Schoharie headlands eventually spilled over the gap between the peaks, opening up the valley to the south. Eventually, it carved out the notch and then the water drained away.</p><br>
<p>Due to its steep slopes, the notch largely avoided any of the exploitation that characterized Catskill forests prior to the establishment of the Forest Preserve in 1885. In the late 1820s the Greene and Delaware Turnpike was built through the notch, connecting the large tannery at Hunter with Middletown in Delaware County. In addition to the entire northern segment of Route 42 from Shandaken to Lexington, this route is today followed by corresponding portions of routes 23A and 28 at the north and south respectively.</p><br>
<p>Catskill forest historian Michael Kudish has found evidence of some disturbance on the east slope. That side is mostly second-growth forest to about 2,950 –. Above that first-growth resumes. Within that lower area he reported that charcoal was abundant in the soil and northern red oak in the forest, suggesting a past fire there. He believes it occurred around 1894.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1910s the notch area was slightly disturbed when New York City began building the Shandaken Tunnel, allowing water from Schoharie Reservoir to flow 18 mi underground to the Esopus near Shandaken, where it would eventually reach Ashokan Reservoir. It followed the road through the notch, and its air vents and a cleared right-of-way can be seen where it crosses Route 42 north of the notch. Under the slopes of Balsam Mountain just east of Deep Notch, it reaches its greatest depth below the surface, 2,215 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>The steep pitch of the slopes has made Deep Notch attractive to ice climbers, who have mapped out several ice routes along the seeps of wintertime. They are generally rated as WI2–3 on the ice grading system, which puts them among the easier ice climbs. It is one of the few climbing areas in the Catskills, a range whose sedimentary bedrock makes its cliffs generally unsuitable for rock climbing, and one of the only ice climbing areas within a reasonable day&#39;s drive of New York City.</p><br>
<p>St. Josephs Indian Normal Schools purpose was to educate American Indians. This was believed to be the best way to assimilate them into the white culture. Operating from 1888 to 1896, the USA government funded the schools operation. It was believed that this was the best way to "civilize" Native Americans and the western territories. Established by the Catholic Indian Missions with funding from Katharine Drexel, the school taught 60 Indian children. The Society of Precious Blood operated the school during its years of operation. The students were all boys. When the Indian School was closed, the building was named Drexel Hall. It is one of the first structures of St. Josephs College.</p><br>
<p>The Indian school was essentially a red brick structure with the ground floor surrounded with a sandstone wall. It was built in a square, 80 ft on each side. The square courtyard in the center, it being around 30 ft on each side. Each wing had four floors with the east wing only three floors high. The roof was red tiles. The main entrance was on the west. It was owned by the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions in Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>It was a boarding school for Indian boys with space for 70 boys, their classrooms, playroom, dormitory, kitchen, a small chapel, rooms for the superintendent and a teacher or two and for around six Sisters (nuns) who ran the kitchen. An inspectors report said there were 29 rooms in all. Although the building served as an Indian school for only eight years (1888-1896), it was not changed or altered until 1937 when it was re-modeled to serve as a residence hall for Saint Josephs College. Only the bell tower was removed along with the shutters from the windows. On the inside, it was altered. The courtyard was made smaller to allow an extra row of rooms. The building, called Drexel Hall, currently serves as a student residence on the Saint Joseph&#39;s College campus.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>It represents a time when the country hoped to solve the Indian question by off-reservation schools. Here Indian pupils would be assimilated into white man&#39;s culture. The boys would then convert their own people when they returned home.</p><br>
<p>It was designed in imitation of the Carlisle Indian school of Carlisle, Pa., founded nine years earlier.</p><br>
<p>It was a "contract" school, i.e., one of the many private schools once supported by an annual federal per pupil subsidy to promote Indian education, therefore a relic of an era of state-church partnership now largely forgotten.</p><br>
<p>It was the only Catholic off-reservation school of this type.</p><br>
<p>It was one of only two such Indian schools in the state of Indiana, the other being White&#39;s Manual Labor Institute at Wabash, Indiana, also a "contract school” of the Society of Friends.</p><br>
<h2>Bibliography</h2><br>
<p>Four articles in the Rensselaer Republican: May 11, May 18, May 25 and June 1, 1971, marking the 75th anniversary of the closing of the Indian school.</p><br>
<p>Dissenters&#39; Chapel, Kensal Green, is a working chapel with gallery attached in Kensal Green Cemetery, Kensal Green, London. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Historic Chapels Trust.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The chapel was the first purpose-built Nonconformist chapel to be built in a public cemetery. Griffith was surveyor to the General Cemetery Company, and his design was in Greek revival style. The chapel was built between 1831 and 1834.</p><br>
<p>During the Second World War the Chapel suffered severe bomb damage during an air raid. For much of the late half of the 20th century the fabric of the chapel was slowly deteriorating. Its wings were demolished in the early 1970s. By the 1990s the building was "derelict and subject to vandalism".</p><br>
<p>The building was leased to the Historic Chapels Trust in this poor state to enable a major restoration, completed in 1997. This included rebuilding of the wings, repair of the chapel&#39;s main body, and restoration of the historic painting scheme of the interior. A visitor centre was constructed in the north wing. The restoration was supported by generous grants from Historic England and was awarded an Environment Award from the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in 1997, and in 1998, a Europa Nostra Award.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and setting</h2><br>
<p>Kensal Green Cemetery is Londons oldest public cemetery, dating from 1832. It is a listed at Grade I on the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens, and is a conservation area. The cemetery contains a large number of listed buildings in addition to the Dissenters Chapel. The chapel is constructed in Portland stone and rendered brick. At the front is an Ionic tetrastyle portico with a pediment. On each side of the portico are three-bay wings, with paired pilasters along the front, and twin Ionic columns in the antae at the sides. Inside the chapel are modern pews, a pulpit and a reading desk. Along the east wall are pilasters. Under the chapel is a partly sealed catacomb.</p><br>
<h2>Present-day uses</h2><br>
<p>The chapel is now managed on behalf of the Historic Chapels Trust by the Friends of Kensal Green Cemetery, who make it available for funerals and organise a programme of art exhibitions, open days, evening lectures, and private events. The chapel forms the conclusion of the popular tours of the cemetery organised by the Friends.</p><br>
<p>The Dry Mills Schoolhouse is a historic schoolhouse on Game Farm Road in Gray, Maine. Built about 1857, it is the town&#39;s last surviving single-room district schoolhouse, and is now a local museum. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings on December 13, 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dry Mills Schoolhouse is set on the north side of the main access road to the Maine Wildlife Park in northern Gray. It is a single-story wood frame structure, with a front-facing gable roof, clapboard siding, and a granite block foundation. Its modest Greek Revival styling includes paneled corner pilasters rising to a short frieze board, and short corner returns. The main (south-facing) facade is relatively unadorned, with the entrance centered below a now-closed opening in the gable, with a flagpole mounted in front of it. The interior has a vestibule across the southern side, which opens into the single classroom, which has vertical wainscoting below slate chalkboards.</p><br>
<p>The schoolhouse was built about 1857, and served as the district 3 school (out of 12 districts). It was used as a primary school until 1959, and was adapted for use as a preschool facility in the 1970s. In 1990 the building, including its foundation stones, was relocated to the present location from its original site on Maine State Route 26, about 1.5 mi away. It is the last of the town&#39;s district schools to survive. In the early 1990s it was restored to its original condition except for an outhouse that used to be attached to the building. The restorations cost approximately $12,000. There is a period wood stove, original chalk board and furnishings on the inside. There are also class pictures and textbooks of the time.</p><br>
<p>The school is no known as "The Dry Mills Schoolhouse Museum" and is still owned and operated by the town. The museum portrays a one-house schoolhouse of the mid-19th century. It is open to the public June through September on the weekends, but groups (such as school or camp field trips) are always able to visit.</p><br>
<p>The Tolu Site  is a prehistoric archeological site of the Mississippian culture near the unincorporated community of Tolu, Crittenden County, Kentucky, United States. It was built and occupied between 1200-1450 CE. No carbon dating has been performed at the site, but analysis of pottery styles suggest its major habitation period was 1200 to 1300 CE. The site originally had three mounds, a burial mound, a substructure platform mound and one other of undetermined function. It was excavated in 1930 by W.S. Webb and W.D. Funkhouser.</p><br>
<p>Tolu Site is part of the Angel Phase of the Mississippian period. Because of similarities among the following sites in their styles of pottery and construction of communities, it is also considered part of the "Kincaid Set", together with Angel Mounds in Indiana and Kincaid Mounds in Illinois, and Wickliffe Mounds in far western Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>In May 1954 a stone statue carved from greyish white fluorite was found by a local farmer while plowing a field a few miles west of Tolu. It is considered to be one of the most detailed examples of Mississippian stone statuary ever found. The statue is the only example of this type of Native American artwork to have a representation of a beaded forelock, a hairstyle very prominent in other Mississippian artwork, most notably engraved mussel shells.</p><br>
<p>Auburn City Hall in Auburn, Alabama, built in 1933, is the city hall of Auburn, Alabama. It was originally constructed as a post office in 1933, and, like many post offices constructed during the Great Depression, the building has a "starved classical" design typical of federal architecture, with symmetrical style and pointed pediments and elements of colonial revival architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the USA Post Office in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site for the post office was deeded in 1846 by Auburn founder John J. Harper to Simeon Perry, agent for the Auburn Academy (today Auburn High School), for the use of the male division of the Academy as a separate school. In 1856, this school became the preparatory department of the East Alabama Male College (today Auburn University). After the USA Civil War, the preparatory division moved to the main campus of the college and the building briefly became a chair factory before Auburn High School (then operating as the Auburn Female College) took over the structure around 1870. An adjacent two-story brick structure for Auburn High School was built just south of the old school building in 1899, and the old school building was subsequently razed. When Auburn High moved to a new campus in 1915, the brick structure became the Auburn Grammar School until it was torn down in 1931 to make way for the post office building.</p><br>
<p>The City of Auburn donated the school site for the construction of a $90,000 post office in 1933, which received first class status in 1940. The building served as the post office for the city of Auburn until a new facility was constructed in 1991. In 1992, the City of Auburn purchased the building, renting the structure to the Food Bank of East Alabama, before renovating it as City Hall in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Cordova Post Office and Courthouse is a historic government building at 612 2nd Street in Cordova, Alaska. It is an L-shaped building, its structure determined in part by the site, which is set into a hill. At the front it is three stories in height and five bays wide, with its main entrance in the leftmot bay, sheltered by a modern solid canopy. The exterior is finished in concrete. The interior originally had the post office on the first floor, a courtroom and judge&#39;s chambers on the second floor, and other court offices and a law library on the third floor.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, Cordova&#39;s main post office is now at 502 Railroad Avenue, and its court is now located at 500 Water Street.</p><br>
<p>Currently, the building is utilized as the office for the Chugach National Forest&#39;s Cordova Ranger District.</p><br>
<p>The former Swedish Baptist Churchis a historic building located on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. The congregation was organized in 1883 in the city&#39;s Swedish neighborhood and included about 50 people. The building was originally a Presbyterian Church and was moved here from its original location at Eleventh and Scott Streets. In the 1920s it became Second Baptist Church and by the 1930s it was renamed Grand Avenue Baptist Church. The building subsequently housed other denominations, including the Mennonites, and now houses Kingdom Generation Church.</p><br>
<p>The church building is a simple frame building with Greek Revival and Romanesque Revival elements. The structure is more typical of 19th century rural and small-town Iowa Protestant churches rather than those found in an urban center. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Sitka USA Post Office and Court House, also known as the Sitka Post Office and now serving as Sitka City Hall, is a Moderne style building located at 100 Lincoln Street in the center of Sitka, Alaska. One of eight Federal buildings constructed in the Alaska Territory in the 1930s, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>It is a poured-concrete structure that is rectangular in shape, set on a raised basement. The reduced-width second level gives the building the appearance of having wings on either side. The building was historically accessed through an entry on the first floor, about 10 feet above street level, and accessed via symmetrically placed stairways. Its main entrance has since been relocated to the basement level. The main block is divided into five bays, each of which has slightly-recessed windows, with a decorative panel between the first and second levels.</p><br>
<p>The building housed a number of federal offices, and housed the Sitka Public Library as well between 1938 and 1943. The post office took over the entire first floor in 1963, and was moved in 1986 to a location outside the city center, despite public protests. The building then sat vacant until the city took it over for use as city hall in 1993.</p><br>
<p>Weidmann&#39;s Restaurant is a historic restaurant in Meridian, Mississippi, United States, established in 1870. It was originally listed as a contributing property to the Meridian Urban Center Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The Urban Center Historic District was combined with the Meridian Depot Historic District in 2005 to become the Meridian Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Weidmanns was opened in 1870 by Felix Weidmann, an immigrant from Zurich, Switzerland. Previously an ocean liner chef, Weidmann began the establishment as a restaurant-hotel called the European House. Weidmann was later involved in the hotel business, establishing the International Hotel on the corner of 22nd Avenue and Front Street in 1884. After Felix Weidmanns death in 1885, his son, Phillip Weidmann, took over. Phillip moved the restaurant to a location at the intersection of 24th Avenue and 5th Street and renamed it "Taft and Weidmanns". During World War I, the restaurant was moved to Hattiesburg, Mississippi, for two years in order to better serve soldiers at Camp Shelby. The restaurant would also occupy a location on 5th Street before moving to its current (and original) location on 22nd Avenue in 1923. Henry Weidmann, Phillips son, took over the establishment after Phillip&#39;s death in 1927.</p><br>
<p>In 1935 the celebration for Fred and Al Keys record-breaking endurance flight, which lasted 653 hours and 34 minutes and wasnt broken until 1973 by astronauts, was held at Weidmanns. Shorty McWilliams, husband of Gloria Weidmann, owned the store in 1955. Gloria Chancellor and her husband, great-great grandchildren of the founders, assumed ownership of the restaurant in 1989. Weidmanns would remain owned by someone in the Weidmann family until the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The restaurant, which is the oldest in the state of Mississippi, became one of the most well-known restaurants in the state as well, famous for its black bottom pie, peanut butter crocks, and numerous pictures hanging on the walls. The restaurant&#39;s lunch counter has been in place since the business opened, and a "treasure chest" is filled with candy and other goodies given to reward children with good manners.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations and ownership change</h2><br>
<p>In 2001 Southern Cast Products, a manufacturing company in Meridian, bought the restaurant. Weidmanns closed later that year and underwent a $20 million renovation. The downstairs entrance was moved from the southwest corner to the northwest, and two banquet rooms were added on the second floor. After the renovation, the lease was held by Nick Apostle, owner of Nicks Restaurant in Jackson, Mississippi. He operated the store until 2004 when he decided to devote his full attention to the Jackson restaurant, after which general manager Willie McGehee and others in Meridian assumed full operational control.</p><br>
<p>With the onset of the Late-2000s recession, the restaurant experienced a downturn. Nearly half of the restaurant&#39;s business came from large parties of workers from local hospitals and pharmaceutical companies. As part of the recession, though, many of these companies stopped paying for these dinners, so the workers were no longer able to eat there. In an attempt to garner support for the restaurant and to keep it from failing, the Alliance for Downtown Meridian urged people to eat there at least once a week.</p><br>
<p>Despite the Alliances efforts, the restaurant closed its doors on April 17, 2010. In early June of the same year, Charles Frazier, manager of Crescent City Grill, bought the lease to the building. Frazier said he planned to recreate the restaurants past by reintroducing much of the classic Weidmann&#39;s menu after it had been replaced by more expensive fine dining during the previous renovation and ownership change. Frazier reopened the restaurant in late July after adding hardwood floors and bringing back the lunch counter by knocking out the back wall. Two former employees were also rehired to give the restaurant a feeling more reminiscent of the past.</p><br>
<p>Cathedral Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. The district was the first residential area in Dubuque, and developed into a tightly-knit neighborhood. It is located west of the original commercial district and below the bluffs of the Mississippi River that rise steeply to the west. Although its original structures no longer stand, its historic buildings are largely from the mid to late 19th century. St. Raphael&#39;s Cathedral complex, from which the district receives its name, was important in serving immigrants, including most of the Irish immigrants to the city, and in building ties. In 1985, the district was deemed to have retained "most of its original character and fabric" from the late 1800s. Washington Park , J.H. Thedinga House , Fenelon Place Elevator , and Redstone  are all individually listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas and Isabella Moore Clyde House is a private house located at 50325 Cherry Hill Road in Canton Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Hugh R. Clyde settled in Canton Township in 1825, and in 1826 married Eliza Huston. In approximately 1845, Hugh and Eliza built this house on the lot across the street from where it now stands. The Clyde family occupied the house until 1858, when it was purchased by John Huston II, Eliza&#39;s nephew. In 1924, the house was purchased by William and Jennie Houk, who lived in it while constructing a new brick house on the property. When their new house was finished, they moved the Clyde House across the street.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Thomas Clyde House is a -story clapboard upright and wing Greek Revival house on a concrete foundation faced with rock. The two wings form an unusual asymmetric facade. The east wing is positioned flush with the main upright section; the west is recessed to allow for a front porch; a second porch fronts the upright section. The two porches have thick square posts with pierced-work brackets between them. Two front entrances are in the main upright section and the east wing; the windows are six-over-six. The house has ramped door and window surrounds. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles, and the classic cornice below features returns at the gabled ends.</p><br>
<p>This house is significant because the asymmetric upright and wing is an unusual subtype more frequently seen in the northeastern states, and rarely in Michigan.</p><br>
<p>Van Ornam & Murdock Block, also known as Lee House Block, is a historic commercial block located at Port Henry in Essex County, New York. The block consists of four attached structures in the Italianate style built between 1874 and about 1880. It is the focal point of the Port Henry business district. The Van Ornam Block was built in 1874 and is a -story brick building with an ornately bracketed wood cornice. The 4-story Lee House Hotel was also built in 1874 and is a 4-story brick structure. The next building was built about 1880 and is a 2-story wood-frame building with a stamped metal facade. The Harlan building is last on the block and it was also built about 1880. It is a 2-story, flat-roofed brick structure.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Bieleboh is a mountain in the Lusatian Highlands, in the east of Saxony, Germany. Its summit is located on the grounds of Beiersdorf municipality.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and geology</h2><br>
<p>Bieleboh is located between the villages of Beiersdorf and Cunewalde, on the border of districts Bautzen and Görlitz which passes abouth 60 m north of its summit. The mountain consists chiefly of granite and granodiorite. An observation tower and a mountain restaurant are located on its summit.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name shows an analogy to that of the neighbouring mountain Czorneboh. As the latter refers to the deity Čorny Bóh (Upper Sorbian for "black god"), Bieleboh may be considered to be named after a "white god" Běły Boh. However, the latter is not explicitly mentioned in historic sources, but can possibly be identified with Svetovid. The authenticity of the Sorbian names is disputed, as they have only been recorded in the early modern period. In 1746, Bieleboh was still called Hoher Wald, and only on maps printed between 1780 and 1806 it was first named as Pilobogg or Beyersdorferberg, together with Zschernebog (Czorneboh). Another name, Kaspers Berg, which referred to the owner of the forest, a landowner and waggoner in Beiersdorf, has fallen out of use. In the course of the Germanisation of Slavic geographical names, the mountain was renamed Huhberg in 1936, but was named back in 1945.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1841, Karl Benjamin Preusker (1786–1871), a librarian and archaeologist from Löbau, made drawings of a legendary rock formation on the summit which he called "the altar of Bielybog".</p><br>
<p>The inn keeper of Beiersdorf started to hold marksmens&#39; fairs on the mountain after 1830.</p><br>
<p>The mountain club Oberes Spreetal ("Upper Spree valley") was founded in 1882 and began to build an observation platform near the existing obelisk, but abandoned this project in favour of a 12 m tall observation tower which was opened on 6 May 1883. This tower was destroyed by a lightning strike on 2 July 1910 and burned down completely. The Bieleboh club collected donations from the population, and Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz (the national club for the preservation of the Saxon homeland) had a design drawn up for a new tower which was to be 4 m higher than the old one and received a roof. The new tower was already completed on 25 September 1910 and was ceremoniously opened. In 1994 it had fallen out of repair and had to be closed. It was renovated in 1998, and its height was increased by a further 5 m, reaching 21 m altogether in order to provide a better view across the tree tops.</p><br>
<h2>Solar observations</h2><br>
<p>According to Karl Benjamin Preusker, several rocks in Upper Lusatia were considered prehistoric offering altars. Among these he counted a rock on Bieleboh, the so-called "Bieleboh altar". Local historians from Sohland an der Spree examined this presumed altar for its possible calendarial use for observations of the sun in 2007. It could be shown that an eye-shaped opening through the rock, the Teufelsauge ("devil&#39;s eye"), allows to determine the day of the equinox when the light of the rising sun passes through it.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The observation tower offers views across the Lusatian Highlands and the volcanic chain of the Lusatian Mountains. Notable mountains in view are Czorneboh, Kottmar, Löbauer Berg, and Oberoderwitzer Spitzberg. On clear days, the Jizera Mountains and Krkonoše in the south east as well as the Eastern Ore Mountains in the west can be seen.</p><br>
<p>A road leads from Beiersdorf to the summit. A parking lot for hikers is located 400 m ahead of the summit, on the saddle between Bieleboh and neighbouring Kuhberg. The long distance trail between Zittau and Wernigerode, marked with a blue stripe on a white background and known here as Oberlausitzer Bergweg (Upper Lusatian Mountain Trail), passes across the mountain. Several other hiking paths offer routes onto the mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Further reading</h2><br>
<p>Collmberg , regionally and colloquially called Collm, is the highest elevation in the Nordsachsen district and of the Northwest Saxon Basin, situated 6 km west of Oschatz near the small village of Collm. Until the 19th Century it was also called Spielberg and has also been known as Oschatzer Collm.</p><br>
<p>Its height is 312.8 metres above sea level (NHN), although map data vary between 312 m and 318 m depending on the source. Collmberg is a landmark in Wermsdorf Forest.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Collmberg consists chiefly of quartzitic Greywacke originating from the Ordovician more than 500 million years ago, also of quartzite and conglomerates. The hill was shaped in the Pleistocene epoch. Collmberg is the site of the oldest known exposed rocks in Northern Saxony. Its Greywacke can be traced towards East-northeast across the neighbouring hills until Weinberg hill near Borna and Käferberg hill near Zaußwitz.</p><br>
<p>About 1 km east of Collmberg lies Windmühlenberg (251 m a. s. l., also called Spitzcollm due to its pointy shape) and further east, north of Striesa village, Eichberg (175 m a. s. l.). These, together with some less prominent hills, form a ridge called Collmrücken.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A medieval hill fort on top of the mountain has been dated archeologically to the epoch of 900 to 930 C. E., but no historical documentation exists. An earthen wall encloses an area of 200 m length and 100 m width, there exist also three more walls on the western slope.</p><br>
<p>Another walled fort, called Altes Schloss, is situated between Collm and Hubertusburg castle.</p><br>
<p>Claims that Collmberg was the meeting place of the Misnian governing assembly between 1185 and 1259 can not be substantiated, it is more likely that the meetings took place in the nearby village Collm.</p><br>
<p>Already John George I, Elector of Saxony had the idea of building a tower on Collmberg, but the Thirty Year&#39;s War prevented execution of the plans.</p><br>
<p>A monument was to be erected on Collmberg on occasion of the 60th anniversary of the regency of King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony in 1823, containing a portrait bust of the ruler as a personal homage, but the king did not approve of this purpose. A monument to Frederick Augustus I was only erected after his death in Dresden.</p><br>
<p>Collmberg and its wooded surroundings were a traditional hunting ground for the Saxon prince-electors and their guests, with yearly hunts for boar in the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>Innkeeper Lettau from Calbitz started to sell beer from a mobile installation on Collmberg around 1840 and had a restaurant built a few years later after obtaining approval from the government. The observation tower opened in 1854. A residential house and a farm building, a concert hall and associated buildings were also erected, furthermore an enclosure for deer, roe deer, and rabbits.</p><br>
<p>The Geophysical Observatory of Leipzig University was moved to Collmberg in 1932 and was extended in 1935 by a seismographic station.</p><br>
<p>After 1945 Collmberg was declared a restricted military area. The abandoned restaurant was pulled down in 1967.</p><br>
<p>A radio tower was erected in 1960 and replaced in 2004.</p><br>
<h2>Observation tower</h2><br>
<p>An observation tower, until then missed by visitors and writers, was built in 1851–1853 and opened on 24 April 1854. It was named Albertturm after Prince Albert, later King Albert of Saxony. It is 18 m tall and was built with three stories. A staircase with 99 steps, initially outside and only turning inside in the upper story, leads to the observation platform. Weather permitting, it allows views towards Leipzig, the Petersberg north of Halle (Saale), Augustusburg and the Ore mountains, Saxon Switzerland and Landeskrone near Görlitz.</p><br>
<p>Due to the excellent views from the tower, Collmberg was selected as a first-order point of the 1865 grade measurement. A stone pillar used in the campaign still stands on the tower platform.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1990s the tower was found to be dilapidated. It was closed in 1994 by the state forest administration who had new steel beams put in and the concrete cover renewed.</p><br>
<h2>Geophysical observatory</h2><br>
<p>The geophysical observatory of Leipzig University was built 1927–1932 using fonds provided by Rockefeller Foundation. There, earthquakes are continuously recorded by seismographs, and the wind velocities in the upper atmosphere are measured. Ludwig Weickmann was the first scientific director of the observatory.</p><br>
<p>A mechanically coupled horizontal pendulum for measurements of the inclination of the Earth&#39;s surface was constructed here by Heinz Lettau in 1936–1937. The continuous seismic measurements, performed since 1932, helped to investigate claims of a German nuclear test on 2 October 1994.</p><br>
<p>The wind velocities in the upper atmosphere were calculated from measurements of the signal strength of the longwave transmitters in Zehlendorf bei Oranienburg (177 kHz), Solec Kujawski (Radio Polonia, 225 kHz) and Topolná (Radiojurnal, 270 kHz) with three receivers in close proximity. The observatory can register earthquakes worldwide with Richter magnitudes of 4.8 or more.</p><br>
<h2>Radio towers</h2><br>
<p>A 64 m (90 m with aerial) tall relay tower for radio links was built on Collmberg in 1960. It became known as Sender Oschatz. It was replaced in 2004 by a 100 m tall radio tower which unlike the old tower does not have operation rooms in its upper parts. The redundant structure was pulled down in 2005. Amateur radio repeater stations with the callsigns DB0SAX and DM0SAX are also located on the hill.</p><br>
<p>Dreibrüderhöhe or short Brüderhöhe is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany. It is located near Marienberg in Saxony and can reached by a road branching off Bundesstraße 171, or on hiking routes from Marienberg, Wolkenstein, Lauta, Großrückerswalde or Gehringswalde, among them the International Mountain Hiking Route Eisenach-Budapest  which is now part of the E3 European long distance path.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The name of the mountain is derived from a nearby former mine called Alte Drei Brüder (Old Three Brothers) and originates in a legend, according to which three brothers from Italy had discovered a vein of silver ore there.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings</h2><br>
<p>An 18 m tall observation tower was opened in May 1883 by the Marienberg branch of the Ore Mountain Club, founded in 1878. It had been constructed by Maschinenfabrik C. Reinsch, Dresden, at a cost of 6000 Mark. In 1884 the tower was named Prinzeß-Marien-Turm after the wife of then Prince Georg of Saxony. It became a popular touristic destination, so that in 1886 Gustav Loose, a member of the Marienberg branch of the Ore Mountain Club, opened a restaurant in the nearby mining office (Huthaus) Alte Drei Brüder which had been erected in 1853/1854. The mountain restaurant Dreibrüderhöhe remained property of the Loose family until 1977, when it was sold to Gebäudewirtschaft Marienberg (the municipal real estate management) who operated it until 1985. It then passed into the hands of the Marienberg Agricultural Production Cooperative who sold it in 1992. In 1992/1993 it was rebuilt into a hotel (Berghotel Drei Brüder Höhe).</p><br>
<p>After access to the 1883 observation tower had been banned by the building inspectorate for several years, and because it stood near a restricted military area, it was pulled down and scrapped in 1977. Later the borough of Marienberg had a new 25.4 m tall observation tower built which was opened on 12 May 1994. It grants a good view across Marienberg and its surroundings.</p><br>
<p>A slightly taller radio tower is located approximately 60 m north-east of the observation tower in a fenced-in area of restricted access.</p><br>
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<p>The Gohrisch  is a table hill in the German region of Saxon Switzerland, left of the River Elbe in Saxony.</p><br>
<h2>Location and surrounding area</h2><br>
<p>The Gohrisch is located about four kilometres southeast of Königstein and some four kilometres south of Bad Schandau in the centre of a plateau (Ebenheit) that is dominated by similar rocky hills. It is surrounded by the hills of the Papststein, the Kleinhennersdorfer Stein and the Lasensteine. Touristically this micro-region in Saxon Switzerland is often called the "Region of Rocks" (Gebiet der Steine).</p><br>
<p>At the foot of the Gohrisch lie the small villages of Kurort Gohrisch and Papstdorf, which belong to the municipality of Gohrisch. On the east side is the Speckstein Gallery (Specksteinstollen) which bears witness to former prospecting in this area. In the immediate vicinity there is a small, overgrown quarry where basalt used to be extracted for used as road ballast.</p><br>
<p>Hirtstein is a mountain of Saxony, in southeastern Germany. It is situated near the village Satzung, in the Ore Mountains, about 1.5 km from the border to the Czech Republic. Its elevation is 890 m.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Hirtstein is a gneiss knoll with an intrusion of volcanic rock, commonly referred to as basalt and specifically identified as clinopyroxene-melanephelinite, whose fan shape has been exposed by quarry operations. This formation was deemed worthy of protection already in the 19th century and was spared from quarrying. In 2006 it was declared a National Geotope of Germany. Minerals such as augite, magnetite, nepheline, olivine and perovskite have been identified in samples from the basaltic fan of Hirtstein.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The mountain restaurant Hirtsteinbaude was opened on 11 September 1927. It offers accommodation for tourists.</p><br>
<p>In winter, several cross-country ski runs are prepared around the mountain. A short downhill ski, sledding, and snow tube run with a ski lift is located next to the restaurant. The cross-border long-distance skiing trail Skimagistrale Erzgebirge/Krušné hory and the long-distance footpath Kammweg Erzgebirge-Vogtland traverse Hirtstein.</p><br>
<p>Hochwald  is a mountain on the border of Saxony in southeastern Germany and Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It is at 749.5 meters above sea level, one of the highest in the Lusatian/Zittau ranges, directly on the Czech/German border. It has two peaks, the southern main summit , which lies 743.8 meters above sea level, and the north summit, which is 370 meters away. Due to the visually appealing views from the mountain, it has earned the nickname Aussichtsturm des Zittauer Gebirges .</p><br>
<h2>Summits</h2><br>
<h3>Southern</h3><br>
<p>In 1853, on the Czech side of the mountain, a cottage was built; it burned completely down in 1877. The next year, another was erected in the half-timber style, and a year after that, the 10-meter (~33 feet) wooden lookout tower, Carola, which would be destroyed in 1891. Because of the numerous quantity of visitors, the German side of the mountain saw a restaurant created that still stands today, while the second cottage on the Czech side was demolished in 1951.</p><br>
<h3>Northern</h3><br>
<p>A 25-meter stone tower was built due to the initial wooden tower being in a state of disrepair, dedicated on September 14, 1892. A short time later, a ticket sales house was created. It was ultimately turned into a restaurant, in which New Year&#39;s Day festivities are held today.</p><br>
<h3>View</h3><br>
<p>From the upper terrace of the mountain, there is an undisturbed field of view east, south, and west. A plethora of other mountains can be seen.</p><br>
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<p>The Kaiserkrone is a heavily abraded and jagged remains of a table hill that, together with the Zirkelstein, rises above the level plain of Schöna, immediately on the outskirts of the village in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains in the German state of Saxony.</p><br>
<p>The name "Kaiserkrone" means "imperial crown" and is derived from its appearance. The three points of the crown, each of which may be climbed, are part of the large sandstone step known as "c3", from the Upper Turonian stage, and were left behind as the wide rock crevices between them were formed. Mankind has also been involved in the formation and/or destruction of the plateau which is. At the southern end of the rocks, two lions have been carved by unknown artists.</p><br>
<p>At the beginning of the 19th century the Kaiserkrone was also known by other names like the Kahlstein, Zahnstein or Kronenberg. Even older designations are Galitzstein (end of the 16th century), Golzenstein (end of the 18th century) and Gollstein (early 19th century).</p><br>
<p>At the southern foot of the Kaiserkrone there are several sandstone rocks of unusual shape that were rediscovered in the sketch book of Caspar David Friedrich, which he drew during a visit to the Kaiserkrone and later used as the undercoat for his painting Der Wanderer über dem Nebelmeer.</p><br>
<p>The Knochen is a monadnock between the village of Raschau-Markersbach and the town of Schwarzenberg in the Saxon part of the Ore Mountains in southeastern Germany. Its summit lies 551.4 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The heights rise about 100 metres above the floors of the northwards-running Schwarzbach valley and the Mittweida valley to the south. The hill contains several lodes and deposits of ore. Within them, non-ferrous metal skarns occur - some forming gravel deposits and bearing pyrites - as well as lodes of a bismuth-cobalt-nickel-silver formation.</p><br>
<p>As early as the 17th century the Knochen was opened up by numerous pits. Among the most important mines were the Gottes Seegen, St. Paulus and Drei Brüder pits, as well as the Allerheiligen-Fundgrube, from which silver, bismuth and cobalt ores were extracted in 1713. Besides the mines, in the middle of the 18th century a vitriol and sulphur works was established. From 1818 it also extracted arsenic using 5 furnaces, which was sold to paint factories in Hamburg, France and Austria. After the Allerheiligen works in Raschau was closed in the face of state competition from Freiberg in 1871, it was re-opened at Beierfeld in 1876.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>Siegfried Sieber: Um Aue, Schwarzenberg und Johanngeorgenstadt. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1972, pp. 89ff.</p><br>
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<p>The former St. Mary’s Rectory is a historic building located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. Now a private home, the residence housed the Catholic clergy that served St. Mary’s Catholic Church from 1854 to 1892. At that time the house was located next to the church, which is four blocks to the west. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Mary’s parish was founded in 1841 by the Rev. Samuel Charles Mazzuchelli, OP. He bought two lots for the church on Jefferson Street. Mazzuchelli, however, did not reside in Iowa City, nor did many of the early priests, who served multiple parishes and were based elsewhere. The first resident pastor, Rev. Anthony Godfert, served in Iowa City from 1842-1844. The second pastor, the Rev. B. M. Poyet (1848–1850), and the third pastor, the Rev. Francis P. McCormick (1851–52) resided in Iowa City, but there is no mention of a rectory in church records. The Rev. Mathias Hannon arrived at St. Mary’s as an assistant and became pastor in 1852. He served St. Mary’s until 1855. It was during his pastorate that the front two rooms of both floors were built in 1854. The rectory was constructed to the west of the original church on the north side of the property along the alley. The home was built for $1,100. The rooms on the back side of the house were added two years later.</p><br>
<p>Following Father Hannon, other clergy who lived in the rectory included the Revs. Mathias Michael (1855–1858), William Emonds (1858–1890) and John F. Kempker (1890–1891). It was during Father Kempker’s brief pastorate that the rectory was moved four blocks to its present location in the 600 block of East Jefferson Street. In 1892 the Rev. A.J. Schulte built the current rectory on the same lot as the old rectory for $8,000. It, along with the church, is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. After this home ceased to house clergy it became a private residence. It has been used has both a single family and multi-family house.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The dwelling is a simple wood frame structure with a side gable that was built on a limestone foundation. The 33 by structure sits 70 ft from the street. It is a rare example of a vernacular form of the Greek Revival style found in Iowa City. It has four rooms on each floor. The porch is believed to be from 1891 when the houses was moved to its present location, although the house had a porch when it was located on the church property. The main entrance on the first floor is framed by sidelights and a transom. The second floor entrance-way that opens onto the balcony on top of the porch is original to the structure.</p><br>
<p>The Lauterbacher Knochen is a 683 m peak about one kilometre north of the village of Lauterbach in the municipality of Marienberg in the Ore Mountains. At the summit there is a historic station which was part of the Royal Saxon Triangulation Network.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Together with the Dreibrüderhöhe the ridge forms the watershed between the rivers Zschopau and Flöha on the borders of the Marienberg Plateau.</p><br>
<h2>Views</h2><br>
<p>Despite its modest height it offers a panoramic view. To the northwest the Waltersdorf Heights are visible. To the east is the mining town of Sayda and the Schwartenberg. To the south the Annahöhe, the Steinhübel, the Hirtstein and the Dreibrüderhöhe may be made out. To the southwest is the Pöhlberg, and on the horizon the Fichtelberg and Keilberg can be recognised. The Adlerstein is also nearby.</p><br>
<p>Mönchswalder Berg is a hill belonging to the district of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany. It is a part of the Lusatian Highlands and lays approximately 3 km North of Wilthen.</p><br>
<p>Panorama</p><br>
<p>The best panoramic view can be enjoyed from the top of the viewing tower. To the North, the land is flat and one sees the city of Bautzen, Bautzen Reservoir, the Boxberg Power-plant and by clear weather the smokestacks of the power-plant at Schwarze Pumpe. To the South, the Valtenberg, the Ungerberg with its unambiguous observation tower and a few peaks from the Saxon Switzerland such as the Big and Small Zschirnstein are visible. To the West, the big Picho with its antenna tower whilst to the East, the Czorneboh, Hochstein, Bieleboh, Lausche, Tannenberg and Jeschken. Peaks from the Jizera and Giant Mountains can be observed only under placid weather conditions.</p><br>
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<p>Rochlitzer Berg is a mountain of volcanic origin in Saxony, southeastern Germany. It is situated south-west of the town of Rochlitz on the river Zwickauer Mulde. Its elevation is variously given as 348.9 m NHN, 348 m HN or 353 m NN. The mountain is also known as Rochlitzer Collm.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The so-called Rochlitzer Porphyr, a rhyolitic tuff, which makes up a large part of the mountain, was formed from deposits of late explosive eruptions of a volcano about 250 million years ago. The colour of the rock is usually reddish to reddish-violet, occasionally also reddish brown to beige. Its texture is grainy and marked by many pore-like cavities (macro-pores). While the designation as "porphyry" has been passed down through history and is commonly used, it is petrographically incorrect.</p><br>
<p>The tuff rock has been used since roughly a thousand years all over the region, also by Renaissance master builders Arnold von Westfalen and Hieronymus Lotter. The latter used it for the Old Town Hall in Leipzig and Augustusburg castle. More recently, it was used for facing of Stadthalle Chemnitz and the Peasants&#39; War Panorama near Bad Frankenhausen.</p><br>
<p>Tuff was mined in up to 10 individual quarries. Since 1879 Vereinigte Porphyrbrüche auf dem Rochlitzer Berge ("United Porphyry Quarries on Rochlitzer Berg") have been responsible for the operations. Explosives have been used only since 1991 in the last operating quarry. The amount of rock to be quarried is limited for reasons of nature and landscape protection.</p><br>
<p>The tuff rock of Rochlitzer Berg has been named in May 2006 as one of the 77 most important national geotopes on Germany by the Academy of Geosciences in Hannover. According to a ballot led by Heinz Sielmann Foundation in 2012, "Rochlitz Porphyry" is the fourth most beautiful natural wonder in Germany.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>An instructional hiking path documenting the history of quarrying has been established on a circular route on and around Rochlitzer Berg. It offers views into the former quarries which are up to 50 m deep. A 3 km long hiking path connects the mountain with Rochlitz Castle.</p><br>
<p>A viewpoint on the southern side of the mountain offers views towards Chemnitz. If the weather is favourable, the crest of the Ore Mountains with Fichtelberg mountain can also be seen.</p><br>
<p>A memorial stone, commemorating the return of King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony from Prussian captivity after the Battle of the Nations, was erected in 1815 at the instigation of quarry owner Seidel and other sponsors.</p><br>
<p>The observation tower Friedrich-August-Turm, designed by the well-known Freiberg art master Eduard Heuchler and erected in 1860, was dedicated to king Frederick Augustus II of Saxony who died in an accident in 1854. In the 1860s it served as a first-order station No. 17 of the Royal Saxon Triangulation. The stone column with the benchmark is still preserved on the observation platform.</p><br>
<p>A restaurant has existed on Rochlitzer Berg since 1861, the current restaurant Türmerhaus ("Tower Watchman&#39;s House") was newly built in 2002. It can be reached from the parking lot by a short walk uphill.</p><br>
<h2>Events</h2><br>
<p>The music event Performance zum Stein takes place every year in one of the former quarries, where Mittelsächsische Philharmonie and other bodies of sound present classical and experimental pieces.</p><br>
<p>The local sports club VfA (Verein für Ausdauersport) Rochlitzer Berg e.V. organises yearly footraces on New Year&#39;s Day and on the Sundays next to the spring equinox and the autumn equinox over distances of 3.5 km, 10.5 km and 21 km (the latter only in autumn).</p><br>
<p>The Rockelmann is a mountain in the Ore Mountains in Saxony, southeastern Germany. It is south-southwest of Schwarzenberg. It formerly had two granite quarries, one of which was converted into an open-air theatre in the 1920s, the other into a Nazi arena  in the 1930s, and is also the site of a memorial to soldiers killed in World War I; all three are within Rockelmann Park, which was laid out in the 1930s.</p><br>
<h2>Mountain</h2><br>
<p>The first extant mention of the Rockelmann is in a church document dated 1552. The origin of the name is unknown. The mountain is a source of granite as well as of augen gneiss, and rock was quarried for centuries at two points on the mountain above the town; granite from the Rockelmann was used to build the castle, to build St. George&#39;s Church (St.-Georgen-Kirche) in the 1690s and to rebuild the town after a disastrous fire in 1709. A section of the town is named after the mountain.</p><br>
<p>In 1908 there were efforts to build a lookout tower on the mountain. The dialect poet Curt Rambach composed a poem entitled "Wos iech erlabt hoo off&#39;n Rokelmaa!" (What I experienced on the Rockelmann) which was printed on postcards in aid of the campaign.</p><br>
<h2>Open-air theatre</h2><br>
<p>In the 1920s the lower quarry on the mountain was converted into an open-air theatre, which opened on 9 July 1924. It originally seated 700 and had a moveable stage in front of a rock wall with risers and steps. After renovations, it has a capacity of about 800 and is used for visiting theatrical performances by a troupe from Annaberg-Buchholz and for club events.</p><br>
<h2>Soldiers' Memorial</h2><br>
<p>On 10 October 1926, the Soldiers Memorial (Kriegerehrenmal), a memorial to the men of Schwarzenberg fallen in the First World War, was dedicated by the members of the König Albert (King Albert) military association on the meadow previously known as the Jahnwiese. It consists of a masonry pillar 8 m high, originally topped by the figure of a warrior swearing an oath. The statue, the work of Ziegler of Chemnitz, was melted down in the Second World War. In 2008, during renovations of the column made necessary by leaching salts, a welded capsule was discovered under the top; it contained contemporary banknotes, a newspaper, a programme from the dedication ceremony and a report on the construction of the monument written by the sculptors grandfather, Hans Brockhage, also a sculptor.</p><br>
<h2>Nazi arena</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1930s, the idea arose of converting the upper quarry into an arena for large-scale events. This was done in the context of the Nazi Thing movement, and a large part of the dynamiting, transport and construction work was done by the Workers&#39; Labour Service. A total of 1,300 workers were involved in the project, and according to contemporary accounts, professionals were responsible for 20,000 days of work, Labour Service workers for 60,000. The sod-breaking took place on 7 April 1934, but costs greatly exceeded the estimates, and the project was only completed after the Propaganda Ministry and the State of Saxony provided additional funds. The arena was inaugurated on 25&ndash;26 June 1938 as a Feierstätte der Volksgemeinschaft (ceremonial site for the folk community), the Grenzlandfeierstätte (Borderlands Ceremonial Site). A copper container containing construction plans, a newspaper and coins was sealed into the masonry to the right of the stage. The theatre was operated in cooperation with those at Borna and Kamenz; in 1938&ndash;39, the theatre troupe from the open-air theatre at Ehrenfriedersdorf also played there.</p><br>
<p>Under the German Democratic Republic, the arena was renamed in 1950 for President Wilhelm Pieck, who was himself present. In 1993 the town council renamed it the Waldbühne (forest stage or woodland theatre), and since German reunification it has been used for concerts, notably "oldies nights" presented by a private radio station. Since 1997 it has been leased to Peter Schwenkow&#39;s operating company, then called Concert Concept, now DEAG Deutsche Entertainment, who have also shown films there. Betriebsgesellschaft Waldbühne Schwarzenberg was co-founded by them together with Semmel Concerts Bayreuth, who provide additional events, and renovations have included creating a backstage area at the open-air theatre to serve the arena and constructing an electrical substation.</p><br>
<p>The arena was designed by Ludwig Moshamer, a Berlin architect. It is 102 m wide at its widest point (to reduce the amount of blasting required, the upper tier of seats was not extended to match the lower), and 30 m (175 steps) deep. According to a contemporary construction periodical, there were originally 6,500 seats and standing room for 5,600. The current capacity is 15,000, the largest open-air theatre in Saxony and the second largest in Germany; The entrance is at the stage end of the arena; originally the technical equipment was housed under the stage together with an open space presumably intended for permanent displays, as at Halle. Emergency exits at the sides have been added, as well as emergency lighting.</p><br>
<h2>Park</h2><br>
<p>The entire area surrounding both open-air theatres and the memorial was landscaped as Rockelmann Park, also in 1934&ndash;38. A set of bells of Meissen porcelain were previously housed in a tower there, but are now at the old well in the Old Town.</p><br>
<p>The Wolfsberg is a 342.9 m high hill in Saxon Switzerland in the German Free State of Saxony.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The hill lies south of Reinhardtsdorf in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. The actual summit is just behind the Panoramahotel Wolfsberg, but is on private land and not readily accessible. Just below the hotel an important hiking trail, the Artists Way (Malerweg), intersects with the trail to Saxon Switzerlands highest hill, the Großer Zschirnstein. An information board describes the life of Caspar David Friedrich who is famous for his landscapes of Saxon Switzerland.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>An inn was built a little way below the summit in 1890 which became a popular destination as a result of its good views. The inn has now become a "panorama hotel".</p><br>
<h2>Ascent of the summit</h2><br>
<p>The hill may be ascended from the railway halt of Schmilka in the Elbe valley along a red-signed hiking trail that runs past the Kaiserkrone, through Schöna and Neue Sorge to the Wolfsberg. It is possible to continue along the path through the forest to the Großer Zschirnstein.</p><br>
<p>The Zirkelstein is the smallest table hill of Saxon Switzerland. It is a wooded, cone-shaped hill with a striking 40 metre high summit block of sandstone rock.</p><br>
<h2>Location and area</h2><br>
<p>The Zirkelstein is located five kilometres southeast of Bad Schandau in the part of Saxon Switzerland that lies left of the River Elbe. Immediately northwest of the hill is the village of Schöna in the municipality of Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna, whilst east of the hill – in the Elbe valley – is the municipality of Hřensko (Herrnskretschen), over the border in the Czech Republic. Immediately at the foot of the Zirkelstein is a former Friends of Nature house with a restaurant and a small bungalow village. The land of the Zirkelstein has been in private hands since 2008.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1841 the then owner of the hill, Johann Gottlob Füssel, built a small inn on the side of the Zirkelstein. In 1842 facilities were built to enable the summit to be made accessible to visitors. The inn was run by the family until 1913 and then the business was leased. On 3 September 1926 the inn was set on fire by lightning during a heavy thunderstorm and was razed to the ground.</p><br>
<p>Currently the hill, which has an area of 7 hectares, is owned by the ZirkelsteinResort gGmbH. The best-known painting of the Zirkelsteins is by Caspar David Friedrich. In the background of his 1818 painting, Der Wanderer über dem Nebelmeer, the hill appears in the background.</p><br>
<h3>Name</h3><br>
<p>The Zirkelstein gets its name from its characteristic shape that, from a distance, resembles a circle (German: Zirkel). In 1592 the hill was first mentioned, as the Circkelstein.</p><br>
<h2>Ascent</h2><br>
<p>The Zirkelstein is best approached from Schöna along at yellow signed hiking trail. The summit itself may be gained using the metal steps and railings provided.</p><br>
<h2>Views</h2><br>
<p>Due to its isolated situation the summit offers a comprehensive all-round view over the forests and crags of Saxon and Bohemian Switzerland and the Lusatian Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The Großer Zschirnstein  is the highest hill in the Saxon and German part of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>Origin of the name</h2><br>
<p>The name appears to be derived from the Slavic root word for "black".</p><br>
<h2>Location and area</h2><br>
<p>There are two climbing peaks on the Großer Zschirnstein - the Großer and Kleiner Zschirnsteinturm ("Great" and "Little Zschirnstein Tower"). There is also the Südwand (IV) climbing route that ends directly at the highest point on the hill. This climbing route is one of the three exceptions to Saxon climbing regulations which state that climbing of massifs is generally forbidden.</p><br>
<p>On the south summit, near the viewing point, a Nagel Column (Nagelsche Säule) has stood since 1865. It recalls August Nagel, the head of survey in Saxony in the 19th century. The survey was carried out using triangulation. Other trig points in the area are located inter alia on the Raumberg, the Lilienstein, the Cottaer Spitzberg and the Hoher Schneeberg. The column on the Großer Zschirnstein was lost around 1900. In May 2011 a replica was erected in its place.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>This typical table hill is made of sandstone. On the summit plateau is a Tertiary basaltic extrusion which was quarried in a small quarry in order to win gravel.</p><br>
<h2>View</h2><br>
<p>The following hills, rock formations and settlements can be seen from the Großer Zschirnstein (from northeast through south to northwest): Falkenstein, Schrammsteine, Tanečnice (Tanzplan), Großer Winterberg, Zirkelstein, Kottmar, Prebischtor, Mezní Louka (Rainwiese), Vlčí hora (Wolfsberg), Jedlová (Tannenberg), Pěnkavčí vrch (Finkenkoppe), Studenec (Kaltenberg), Zlatý vrch (Goldberg), Růžovský vrch (Rosenberg), Ještěd (Jeschken), Klíč (Kleis), Bezděz (Bösig), Buková hora (Zinkenstein) (with its prominent TV tower), Lovoš (Lobosch), Kletečna (Kletschen), Milešovka (Milleschauer), Děčínský Sněžník (Hoher Schneeberg), Dresden.</p><br>
<h2>Air crash</h2><br>
<p>On 14 February 2010 around 8.20 pm a Cessna Citation 550 light aircraft crashed into the southern flank of the hill in a craggy area. The aircraft belonged to the Czech airline, Time Air, and was under way from Prague to Karlstad in Sweden. The two pilots were killed. According to an evaluation of the voice recorder the cause of the crash was an aerobatic manoeuvre (aileron roll) for which the aircraft is not authorised.</p><br>
<p>The William E. Ward House, known locally as Ward&#39;s Castle, is located on Magnolia Drive, on the state line between Rye Brook, New York and Greenwich, Connecticut, United States. It is a reinforced concrete structure built in the 1870s.</p><br>
<p>Ward, a mechanical engineer, built the house with his friend Robert Mook to demonstrate the viability of the material for building. It is the first reinforced concrete building in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house is located in a residential neighborhood a short distance from where state highway NY 120A leaves the state line for a southwesterly heading into downtown Port Chester. Most of the house&#39;s 8 acre lot is located on the Connecticut side of the state line, where it is open and slopes downward to the east and the Byram River. Because of this it is possible to see Long Island Sound from the house. A short driveway leads in from Magnolia Avenue on the Rye Brook side.</p><br>
<p>The building itself is made entirely of reinforced concrete, from the foundation to the mansard roof that caps the two-story main block. Wood was used only for door and window frames. A four-story machicolated tower with parapet rises from the southeast corner. Like the house it has imitation quoins on the corners of its lower two stories. A one-story wing projects to the west.</p><br>
<p>A wraparound porch with round columns covers the south (front) elevation of the main block. The eastern two-thirds and tower are in Connecticut; the western third and wing are in New York. The mansard roof is pierced by classically inspired gabled dormer windows and two concrete chimneys; a third is on the west side. The roofline is marked by a modillioned cornice. On the north (rear) a two story service wing connects to a water tower, stylistically similar to the house&#39;s tower. Another small wing projects from the east, overlooking the parking area.</p><br>
<p>The first floor has a central hallway with drawing room, reception room and dining room. A breakfast room and sun room are in the wing. Another central hall on the second floor leads to three bedrooms and a library with decorative woodwork in an Elizabethan mode. Above it is a similar floor with bedrooms and storage space.</p><br>
<p>The only other building on the property is the caretaker&#39;s cottage. It is a two-story frame house built in the late 19th century and located in a grove of trees to the north of the main house, in New York. The period landscaping on the property includes a variety of ornamental trees.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Ward worked in collaboration with architect Robert Mook over three years to build the house. His goal was not only to build a house for himself, but that it be effectively fireproof. It was made entirely of Portland cement and light iron I-beams and rods, even in the roof. Wood was only used for door and window frames and their decorative trim.</p><br>
<p>Mook contributed a design in keeping with the tastes of the time. The main block and its mansard roof are in high Second Empire architectural style, and the more Gothic tower allows for panoramic views over Long Island Sound. The other tower is a water tower, meant to offer additional fire protection as well as a drinking supply. The architect and engineer left the concrete unfinished to better display it.</p><br>
<p>Architectural publications carried articles about the house as early as year before construction was finished. Its completion in 1876 prompted even longer articles, and mentions in overseas publications. Seven years later, in 1883, Ward presented his own paper on the house&#39;s construction to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.</p><br>
<p>Called the first known reinforced concrete building in the United States (though the Coignet Building was completed in 1873) critics and scholars have recognized its importance since then, calling it "one of the most remarkable achievements of building art in the century" and "a technical tour de force". Wards neighbors were less sure, calling it "Wards Folly" at first, certain it would collapse or otherwise be ruined, but later calling it "Ward&#39;s Castle" when it survived. It has remained mostly unaltered, save for the two modern wings, ever since.</p><br>
<p>From 1976 until 1992 the unaltered castle housed the Museum of Cartoon Art established by Mort Walker two years earlier. Walker bought the dilapidated building for $60,000. He repaired the house and ran the museum with his family. It attracted up to 75,000 visitors per year.</p><br>
<p>The Ward House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The First Unitarian Church of San Jose is located at 160 North Third Street in downtown San Jose, California, across from St. James Park, and was designed in "Richardsonian Romanesque" style by architect George Page, who also designed the Hayes Mansion. Local historian Linda Larson Boston called the building, “One of a handful of American churches patterned after Unitarian churches of Transylvania, it features a large triple-arched stained glass window on the facade, multiple domes and cupolas, and both round and square towers,” in her pamphlet, Highlights of San Jose, California’s St. James Park and Environs. The congregation purchased the site in 1888, and the cornerstone was laid in a ceremony on September 23, 1891. The building is registered on both the list of National Register of Historical Places and the list of California Historical Landmarks.</p><br>
<p>The church is a member of The Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations (UUA) and "People Acting in Community Together".</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Unitarian Services in San José were first held in City Hall in November 1865, with 100 people in attendance. Mr. And Mrs. B.F. Watkins, residents of Santa Clara who belonged to the San Francisco Unitarian Church, were staunch supporters of the womens suffrage movement and organizers on behalf of the USA Sanitary Commission, which aided victims of the Civil War (and later became the Red Cross). They had decided that there was a need for a liberal religious presence in San José, and invited the Rev. Charles Gordon Ames to speak. Profoundly affected by his travels through the war-torn South, he devoted his first service to the freedom and dignity of all people, a theme that has echoed throughout the years at the First Unitarian Church, and which, at times, had led the church to take stands that were not popular with more conservative sections of the community. Among the early members of the church were A.T. Herman, a civil engineer who built the road up Mt. Hamilton; Dr. Benjamin Cory, San Josés first physician and founder of what is now Santa Clara Valley Medical Center; J.J. Owen, editor and publisher of the San José Mercury; and J.E. Brown, state legislator.</p><br>
<h2>Fire</h2><br>
<p>On October 16, 1995, the church was gutted by a six-alarm fire that occurred during a major renovation project. For three years the congregation met at the community center across the street until the sanctuary was ready for services in 1998. Final restoration and renovation of the building cost $8 million, with work and fundraising continuing until 2001. One notable fundraiser featured actor Dustin Hoffman, who spent several months in 1996 filming Mad City at the next door.</p><br>
<h2>Third Street Community Center</h2><br>
<p>As part of the renovation project, the church added classrooms and office space in its basement so that it could establish the Third Street Community Center in 1998. The center is a separate, non-sectarian non-profit that houses the Don Edwards Computer Learning Academy, an after-school program, and ESL classes serving low-income and immigrant neighbors.</p><br>
<p>Miani Hor is a swampy lagoon lying on the coast of Lasbela District of Balochistan, Pakistan. Covering an area of 7,471 hectares, it was designated a Ramsar site in May 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The site is located 95 kilometres from Karachi near Sonmiani Bay.</p><br>
<h2>Site description</h2><br>
<p>The lagoon is 60 km long and 4 to 5 km wide. It mouth is 4 km wide. Two seasonal rivers, Porali and Windor enter into this bay.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>It is the only place in Pakistan where three species of mangroves, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, and Ceriops tagal occur naturally.</p><br>
<h2>Threats</h2><br>
<p>It faces two threats, namely domestic waste disposal and accumulated solid waste debris.</p><br>
<p>The Gila Valley of Yuma County, Arizona is a small valley surrounding the Gila River at its confluence with the Colorado River, the Colorado being the border between California and Arizona, and locally southwest of Yuma &ndash; Baja California, and Sonora states, Mexico.</p><br>
<p>The valley extends only 10 mi from its confluence to the northern end of the Gila Mountains, which abut the east end of the Laguna Mountains, where the Gila River meanders, west, southwest, then due west again.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Gila Valley is called the North Gila Valley in the northern parts, north of the Gila River, and it is called the South Gila Valley in the south. The communities in the valley are agricultural, especially in the south and southwest, towards Yuma, Arizona.</p><br>
<p>The South Gila Valley borders the Yuma Mesa on its south, where the Fortuna Foothills are located on the northwest perimeter of the Gila Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>Recreational use</h2><br>
<p>The North Gila Valley contains the Adair Range, a shooting range located on the southern edge of the Laguna Mountains.</p><br>
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<p>Seabrook–Wilson House  is located in the town of Port Monmouth, a part of Middletown Township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1663 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 29, 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1663 by Thomas Whitlock, who came to the North America in 1641, first living in Brooklyn. It started out as a -story, one-room cabin, and Whitlock lived here with his family. The house was turned into a two-story home by its second owner Thomas Seabrook, who was a patriot in the New Jersey militia. Over the years the Seabrook family added to the original structure. In 1677, the middle section of the house was added, which was occupied by Seabrooks widow in 1703. Her son Daniel Sebrook extended the home across the lawn connecting it to his mothers house. The home stayed in the Seabrook family for a total of 250 years.</p><br>
<p>In 1892, the house assumed its current size and appearance. After the Seabrooks, in the early 19th century, the house was owned by Reverend William V. Wilson, leader of the New Monmouth Baptist Church and his wife Martha. From 1910 to around the early-1970s, it was a summer inn under the names, "The Bayside Manor" and the "Lighthouse Inn".</p><br>
<p>For many years after, the house served as an historical museum as the "Port Monmouth Spy House Museum". It featured exhibits about the history and heritage of the bayshore. It was also open for tours, however, the museum was closed to the public in the early-2000s.</p><br>
<h3>Spy House</h3><br>
<p>The house operated as a tavern during the Revolutionary War, which was frequented by British troops. It is said that when the soldiers spoke of strategic plans of attack, the tavern owner and the innkeepers overheard these conversations and would relay the messages to the Colonial troops, thus creating the nickname "Spy House".</p><br>
<h2>Hauntings</h2><br>
<p>The Spy House Museum, which conducted candlelit ghost tours is said to be one of the most haunted house in America that once boasted 22 active ghosts in the early-1990s to five different spirits haunting it when it closed to the public.</p><br>
<p>People have reported a female spirit dressed in white that was seen walking from room to room searching for her crying baby. Also, a small ghost of a boy has been seen peering out of the windows, the ghost of a bearded old sea captain is said to roam the grounds and halls. Legend has it that the infamous pirate Captain Morgan was known to hide treasure and conduct tortures in the housess basement that had underground tunnels. The captains ghost likes to threaten children visitors to the museum.</p><br>
<p>The Beaumont St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Water Tank is a railroad water tank constructed in 1875, in Beaumont, Kansas. It served the St. Louis, Wichita & Western Railway, and was used to refill the boilers of steam locomotives on that line. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The Beaumont tower became the place where all passing steam trains took on their water and fuel. The nearby Beaumont St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Retention Pond held the water supply that was piped to the water tank alongside the tracks where steam engines were re-supplied. In the era of steam-powered locomotives, watering stations like this one were essential to railroad transportation.</p><br>
<p>The tower is made from sawcut and milled cypress staves bound by steel bands and has a fifty thousand gallon capacity. The tank is covered by a six-sided shingle roof and is elevated forty feet into the air by eight wooden piers on concrete footings.</p><br>
<p>The eventual adoption of diesel-powered locomotives eliminated the need for large amounts of water. Eventually, the tower fell into disuse by the railroad but it remained vital to the Beaumont community. The pumping station was kept active and pipe was laid throughout the town for potable water supply. The tower continued to hold water and was in limited use until 1988.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, residents of Beaumont formed the "Friends of the Beaumont Water Tower" organization in efforts to preserve the tower. The group succeeded in acquiring the tower from the Burlington Northern Railroad Company in 1996, made repairs to the wooden structure, and took measures to preserve it from environmental damage. In 1998 the concrete foundations were strengthened. The community now holds a yearly water tower festival to raise funds and awareness for ongoing maintenance and preservation efforts.</p><br>
<p>Kefalovryso  is a village in Trikala regional unit, Greece. In 2011 Kefalovryso had a population of 952. It is located 7 kilometers northwest of Trikala in the Thessalian Plain and close to the river Pineios.</p><br>
<h2>Population</h2><br>
<h2>Early history (1163-1881)</h2><br>
<p>Kefalovryso&#39;s initial name was Mertzi or literally Mertzion (Greek: Μέρτζι/Μέρτζιον). The word Mertzi -by olders sometimes still in use as Mertsi- probably derives from the old Slavic word мрч, which means dark/black and might refer to the dark color of the soil. The first official reference to Mertzi is in an 1163 document of the Holy Bishopric of Stagai, and it is again found in several 14th-century monastic property deeds.</p><br>
<p>Mertzion, just like all Thessaly, was initially part of the Byzantine Empire. In 1204, after the Fourth Crusade, Thessaly was assigned to Boniface of Montferrat and in 1225 was conquered by Theodore Komnenos Doukas, ruler of Epirus. From 1271 to 1318 it was an independent despotate that extended to Acarnania and Aetolia, run by a branch of the Epirote Komnenos Doukas dynasty. In 1309 the Almogavars of the Catalan Company of the East (Societas Catalanorum Magna) settled there for a time. Later it was occupied by the Serbs until 1393, when it fell under Ottoman rule. In 1821 Thessaly participated in the Greek War of Independence, but did not become part of independent Greece until 1881.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history (since 1881)</h2><br>
<p>When Thessaly joined Greece in 1881, Mertzion, with 450 inhabitants, became part of the municipality of Trikala till 1912, when it became an autonomous community as Mertsi-Mikro Community. The newly formed community also included the settlements of Lesteno (now Dipotamos) and Rongia. In 1919 Lesteno and Rongia were extracted from the community of Mikro Mertsi and formed the community of Lesteno. In 1924 the Mikro Mertsi community was renamed into Kefalovryso Community. The modern name of the village is Kefalovryso (derived from kefali=head, main and vrysi=spring, fountain).</p><br>
<h2>Myth</h2><br>
<p>According to the unwritten tradition, the modern name comes from a brigand who was active in the region around Metsovo. He used to throw his loot into a stream that led from Metsovo, and let the current carry them to the lake near Mertsi, where his aide gathered them, thus avoiding any checks by the Gendarmerie. One day however a villager saw his aide returning laden from the lake, and notified the gendarmes. They then seized the brigand, cut off his head and threw it into the stream, whereupon his aide found it in the lake.</p><br>
<p>Since 1999, the village has been a municipal department of the Municipality of Faloreia, also being its seat until November 2010.</p><br>
<p>After the prefectural elections of November 2010 the village has become a part of the Municipality of the town of Trikala.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>The Kefalovryso residents are mainly occupied in the field of agriculture, particularly in the production of corn, wheat and cotton. Many of them are also working in the nearby city of Trikala in a variety of private enterprises or as civil servants. A few are also working in the iron and timber factories of Kefalovryso.</p><br>
<h2>Sports</h2><br>
<p>Kefalovryso is the home of amateur football club A.O. Kefalovrysou, currently participating in the 3rd division of Trikala Amateur Football Championships. The club was founded in 1974 and its major achievement is the participation in the 1st division. In the past few years a basketball club named A.S.K. Faloreia was also founded in Kefalovryso and is currently participating in the Trikala Amateur Basketball Divisions.</p><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Evangelos Averoff, Politician, born in Kefalovryso in 1910</p><br>
<p>Jorgo Papavassiliou, Film director in Germany, origin from Kefalovryso</p><br>
<p>The Beilstein is a hill in the Main-Kinzig district of Hesse, Germany. It is part of the Spessart range and lies in the municipality of Jossgrund close to the Ortsteil of Lettgengrund. Its elevation is 499 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<h3>Location</h3><br>
<p>The Beilstein is located at the end of the valley of the Jossa. It is part of the Mittelgebirge Spessart and lies in the Hessian part of the range, close to the border to Bavaria. The Beilstein lies between Lettgenbrunn and Bad Orb, just south of the 521 m high.</p><br>
<p>The Beilstein is part of the municipal territory of Jossgrund.</p><br>
<h3>Geology</h3><br>
<p>Unlike most of the Spessart, which consists mainly of Buntsandstein, the Beilstein is an outcropping of basalt. The upper slopes of the hill are wooded, but at the top basalt rocks are exposed. Around 10-20 million years ago, volcanic activity caused this to break through the local Buntsandstein, which is roughly 200 million years older. The Beilstein features characteristic basalt columns and the largest basalt cave in the Main-Kinzig district.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On the peak are the remains of a medieval hill castle known as Burg Beilstein. The place is first mentioned in 1059 as Bilstein as part of the border of the territory of Fulda monastery, but at that point it was likely not a castle but just a landmark. In 1313, the castle was bought by the Electorate of Mainz from the lords of Hohenlohe-Brauneck along with the area around Lettgenbrunn. The castle is last mentioned in 1427. Two important ancient trade routes, the Eselsweg and the Birkenhainer Strasse pass through the area. The former is overlooked by the Beilstein and was the likely reason for the castle&#39;s construction. Today, only the foundation of a wall remains of the castle.</p><br>
<p>In the 1930s, an observation bunker for bomber training at Lettgenbrunn and Villbach was constructed on the peak. After the war it was blown up and only the foundations remain.</p><br>
<h2>Nature preserve</h2><br>
<p>In 1905, the Beilstein was included on a list of German natural landmarks. In 1930, parts of the hill were declared a nature reserve, one of the first in Hesse. The preserve today measures 5.75 hectares and hosts a large number of plant species such as Lilium martagon or.</p><br>
<p>Hoher Dörnberg is a high hill in Hesse, Germany. It is 579 metres  high. It is located in the Habichtswald around 11 km  northwest of the city of Kassel in Kassel district.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Dörnberg belongs to the town of Zierenberg and the parish of Habichtswald, both located in the district of Kassel. The Kassel Calden Airport is located about 6 km (4 mi) to the northeast.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The Dörnberg mostly consists of basalt and tuff.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Dörnberg was first populated in the 3rd millennium BC. In 1910, shards of iron were found at the mountain. In the valley between Hoher and Kleiner Dörnberg, Blumenstein Castle existed in 13th and 14th century.</p><br>
<h2>Traffic situation</h2><br>
<p>The Dörnberg can be accessed via A44 motorway (exit 67 Zierenberg), then via Bundesstraße 251 and Landstraße L 3211 and L3214.</p><br>
<p>There is also a RegioTram service (line RT4) to the stations Zierenberg and Fürstenwald. Both stations are close to the Dörnberg.</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The Feldberg is a mountain in the Rhön highlands in the German state of Hesse. It is.</p><br>
<p>It is located about three kilometres northeast of Gersfeld in the county of Fulda, near the border with Bavaria and is part of the Hessian Rhön Nature Park and the Rhön Biosphere Reserve. The nearest settlements are Obernhausen to the northwest and Sandberg on the southern spurs of the mountain. The Feldberg is a southwestern outpost of the mountain ridge that runs from the Wasserkuppe to the Heidelstein. The youthful Fulda flows past below its western slopes. The section of the B 284 federal road from Gersfeld to Wüstensachsen runs past the Feldberg in a curve to the west and north. A walking trail managed by the Rhön Club, the Extratour Guckaisee, runs over the Feldberg, passing immediately south of the summit. The terrain is used for forestry and, in places, also for pasture.</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The Gehilfersberg is a hill in the Landkreis Fulda, Hesse, Germany. It is part of the Rhön hills and lies northwest of the village of Rasdorf.</p><br>
<p>The basalt peak is located close to the range known as "Hessian Skittles" (Hessisches Kegelspiel) but there are diverging views on whether it should be counted as one of the nine hills "officially" part of the "nine pins".</p><br>
<p>On the peak is a Baroque pilgrimage chapel St. Marien und Vierzehn Nothelfer, dedicated to Virgin Mary and the Fourteen Holy Helpers, construction of which began during the reign of Johann Bernhard Schenk von Schweinsberg (1623-32), Abbot of Fulda to replace an earlier chapel that had been destroyed. It was consecrated in 1681. Initially, a figure of Christ (the holy Gehülf) was revered, but the focus shifted to the Fourteen Helpers over time. From the 18th century, the Gehilfersberg was one of the most important pilgrimage destinations in eastern Hesse. Seven stations mark the stations of the cross leading up from Rasdorf. There is also a fortified cemetery at the top.</p><br>
<p>On 11 May 1996, the Catholic chapel was destroyed by arson. However, it was quickly rebuilt and rededicated by Bishop of Fulda on 19 May 1997.</p><br>
<p>More recently, a part of the wooded slopes has been designated as a burial forest.</p><br>
<p>The Hausberg is a mountain with an elevation of 486 m next to Butzbach in Hesse, Germany. It is part of the Taunus mountain range and located at its easternmost part bordering the fertile landscape of the Wetterau, which is of a much lower altitude. Therefore, the mountain is well situated for look-out and in 1873 a first look-out tower was erected on its top. In 1875 a storm damaged the tower severely, but it was repaired in the following year and remained in use until 1941 when it was demolished due to being in disrepair. More than 60 years later in June 2007 the construction of a new tower started and was completed in May 2008. The new tower has a total height of 23 m and a roofed observation deck at 19 m.</p><br>
<p>The Hausberg and its neighbouring Brülerberg were the site of an ancient Celtic ringfort from the La Tène period. The excavation and research of its remains started in 1911. In the neighbourhood there are also remains from the Roman period. The Limes Germanicus traverses through the foothills of the Hausberg and one of its smaller forts the Hunnenkirchhof is located close to the mountain.</p><br>
<p>The Capture of the Bahamas took place in April 1783, late in the Anglo-Spanish War, when a Loyalist expedition under the command of Andrew Deveaux set out to retake the Bahamas from the Spanish. The expedition was successful and Nassau fell without a shot being fired. It was one of the last actions of the entire war.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>The Bahamas had been taken by Spanish forces in May 1782. However Saint Augustine in East Florida was still in British hands, the Spanish thinking it too well defended to attack. A plan was devised to retake the Bahamas by launching an attack on Nassau. Andrew Deveaux was a Loyalist and veteran of the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<h2>Recapture</h2><br>
<p>Major Deveaux departed from Saint Augustine with seventy followers and was joined at sea two days later by the 26-gun privateer brigantine Perseverance of Thomas Dow and the 16-gun, 120-man brigantine Whitby Warrior of Daniel Wheeler. The expedition anchored off Harbour and Eleuthera on 6 April, recruiting another 170 volunteers for an attempt against the Spanish garrison at New Providence.</p><br>
<p>Four days later the sloop Flor de Mayo reached New Providence with a message from the governor of Cuba Luis de Unzaga, saying that peace preliminaries had been signed back in Europe and that the Bahamas were to be restored to British rule in exchange for East Florida.</p><br>
<p>When Deveaux&#39;s flotilla drew near to New Providence on 13 April, the Spanish commander Claraco mistook it for smugglers. His customs patrols were surprised at dawn the following morning to find a heavily armed landing party storming ashore to occupy Fort Montagu and three guardboats. Claraco retreated into his citadel and a brief ceasefire was arranged; Deveaux rescinded it next day. The Spaniards scuttled their remaining warships on 16 April and huddled within the main fort, before deciding to surrender it two days later.</p><br>
<h2>Aftermath</h2><br>
<p>Over 600 Spaniards surrendered, and 50 cannon and seven ships were captured. Some of the ships that had been scuttled were later refloated and the Spaniards were repatriated to Cuba.</p><br>
<p>By this time, Britain had already given up East Florida in exchange for the Bahamas in the preliminary talks of the Treaty of Paris. As a reward for his efforts in the Bahamas, Deveaux was given a large portion of Cat Island, where he built a mansion at Port Howe, Cat Island, the remains of which can be seen today.</p><br>
<p>Gildea Glacier is a glacier 10 km long and 5 km wide flowing southwestward from Craddock Massif between Mount Slaughter and Mount Atkinson into Nimitz Glacier, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The upper portion of the glacier also receives ice from Hammer Col and southern Vinson Massif.</p><br>
<p>It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2006 after Damien Gildea, the Australian leader of several Omega Foundation expeditions to the Sentinel Range and Livingston Island in 2000–07. He made an ascent of Mount Craddock from the Bender Glacier in 2005, and directed the preparation of a 1:50,000-scale map of the Vinson Massif area for publication by the Omega Foundation in 2006.</p><br>
<h2>Maps</h2><br>
<p>* https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vinson-Map.jpg Vinson Massif. Scale 1:250 000 topographic map. Reston, Virginia: US Geological Survey, 1988.</p><br>
<p>* D. Gildea and C. Rada. Vinson Massif and the Sentinel Range. Scale 1:50 000 topographic map. Omega Foundation, 2007.</p><br>
